What is a sinus lift and why it is needed
A sinus lift is a surgical procedure in dentistry aimed at increasing bone volume in the upper jaw to allow dental implant placement. It is most often required in cases of bone atrophy in the posterior maxilla, when alveolar ridge height is less than 6–8 mm. Without sufficient bone, an implant cannot be securely anchored. The procedure involves gently lifting the sinus membrane and inserting bone graft material, which gradually transforms into natural bone. This creates a stable foundation for long-term osseointegration of implants.
Causes of bone loss in the upper jaw
Bone resorption begins shortly after tooth extraction: within two years, 40–60% of bone volume can be lost (PubMed). In the maxilla, this process is faster than in the mandible, due to lower bone density and the proximity of the maxillary sinus. As teeth are lost, the sinus expands, further reducing available bone height. As a result, patients who seek implants years after tooth loss often present with insufficient bone volume. In such cases, a sinus lift is the only method that makes implantation possible.
Types of sinus lift
Open sinus lift
This technique is indicated when residual bone height is less than 4–5 mm. The surgeon creates a lateral access to the maxillary sinus, elevates its membrane, and introduces bone graft material. An implant may be placed immediately or after 6–8 months, once the graft matures. Clinical studies report implant survival rates of 92–96% following open sinus lift (PubMed).
Closed sinus lift
Used when residual bone height is 5–7 mm, sufficient for partial implant stability. Access is achieved through the implant site, with the sinus membrane lifted by special instruments. Bone graft material is introduced, and the implant is placed during the same procedure. This method is less invasive, requires shorter healing, and demonstrates high success rates.
Materials for bone augmentation
Modern implantology employs synthetic materials (hydroxyapatite, β-tricalcium phosphate), xenografts (bovine-derived bone), and allogeneic grafts. The best results are often obtained using combinations, which provide optimal integration with the patient’s own bone. Studies show that 60–70% of graft volume is replaced by mature bone within 6–9 months after sinus lift (PubMed).
Risks and possible complications
Like any surgical procedure, sinus lift carries risks. The most frequent complication is perforation of the sinus membrane, reported in 10–15% of cases (PubMed). Other issues include inflammation or chronic rhinitis. However, with proper surgical technique and certified materials, risks are minimal. Success largely depends on the surgeon’s expertise and patient compliance with postoperative care.
Effectiveness and prognosis
Extensive research confirms sinus lift as a highly effective preparatory method for implant placement. Five-year implant survival rates exceed 90%, and ten-year rates remain around 85% (PubMed). Patients experience significant improvements in chewing function, aesthetics, and self-confidence. Thus, despite its complexity, sinus lift is a justified and reliable procedure when performed correctly in a specialized clinic.
Conclusion
Sinus lift is a modern and safe surgical technique that enables implantation even in cases of severe bone deficiency. It requires precise diagnosis, skilled professionals, and high-quality materials. Under these conditions, prognosis is highly favorable, and implants become a long-lasting solution for dental restoration.
Sinus lift and dental implants at Diplomat Med Center
At Diplomat Med Center, we perform sinus lift and dental implant placement using advanced techniques and certified materials. Our experienced specialists handle even the most complex surgical cases.
Our integrated approach includes not only implants, but also dental prosthetics, oral surgery, gum treatment, and professional dental cleaning. This comprehensive care ensures durable results and long-term oral health.